MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

Howard Gardner identifies seven distinct intelligences. According to Gardner, “we are all able to know the world through language, logical-mathematical analysis, spatial representation, musical thinking, the use of the body to solve problems, an understanding of other individuals, and an understanding of ourselves.” Individuals differ in strength of these intelligences. As a result of this, Gardner suggests taking them into account in education. They are as follows:

Visual-Spatial - They think in terms of physical space, as do architects and sailors. They’re very aware of their environments. They like to draw, do jigsaw puzzles, read maps and daydream. They can learn through drawings, verbal and physical imagery.

Intrapersonal – They understand their own interests and goals. These learners tend to shy away from others. They’re in tune with their inner feelings; they have wisdom, intuition and motivation, as well as a strong will, confidence and opinions. They can learn through independent study.

Bodily-kinesthetic – They use the body effectively, like a dancer or a surgeon. They like movement, making things and touching. They communicate well through body language and learn through physical activity, hands-on learning, acting out and role playing.

Musical – They show sensitivity to rhythm and sound. They love music, but they are also sensitive to sounds in their environments. They may study better with music in the background. They can learn by turning lessons into lyrics and speaking rhythmically.

Interpersonal – They learn through interaction. They have many friends and can build empathy for others. They can learn through group activities, seminars and dialogues.

Linguistic – These learners have highly developed auditory skills and often think in words. They like reading, playing word games, making up poetry or stories. They can learn by encouraging them to repeat and say words and read books together.

Logical -Mathematical – They think conceptually, abstractly and they are able to see and explore patterns and relationships. They like to experiment, solve puzzles and ask cosmic questions. They can learn through logic games, investigations and mysteries. They need to learn and form concepts before they can deal with details. Adapted from Tecweb website.