The Successful Language Learner

Learning a language is a complex process, and ideas about how to study a second language have evolved a lot over the years. In the past, emphasis was placed on memorization; memorization of grammatical rules, memorization of lists of vocabulary; and memorization of dictionary definitions. Nowadays, however, language study can be divided into three main concepts.

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The first concept is simple. You have to use the language in order to learn it, improve it, and remember it. It’s like tennis. No matter how many tennis manuals you read, you won’t be able to improve your game until you get out and start hitting the ball. Language is the same. Learners need exposure to the language - through reading it whenever and wherever possible, through speaking and listening to the language, through using the language for real communication.

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Someone once noted that secondlanguage students don’t walk around with grammar books in their pockets; they carry dictionaries. Studies show good second language learners, writers, speakers, and listeners have a more extensive vocabulary under their control. Second language researchers are starting to understand that grammar should not be the primary focus ofsecond language study; vocabulary is the key aspect of learning a language.

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Reading is by far the single most important contributor to learning a second language. Reading regularly improves students’ speaking, writing, grammar, and vocabulary skills. Grammar, writing and speaking are improved because by reading in English, students are constantly exposed to models of correct English. Students who read a lot unconsciously learn what is correct.